National air quality improvement, the blue sky defense battle, this autumn and winter is very important

The three-year action plan has achieved positive results—— The battle to defend the blue sky is crucial this autumn and winter

　　Cao Hongyan, reporter of Economic Daily and China Economic Net

　　This year’s autumn and winter are not only the last autumn and winter of the "13th Five-Year Plan", but also the last autumn and winter of the "Three-Year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defense", and its prevention and control effects are very critical. First, strengthen the scientific prevention and control of air pollution, based on the existing results, and strengthen precise control based on the causes of pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas; secondly, promote the structural adjustment of energy, industry, and transportation in the region; thirdly, Develop and expand energy conservation and environmental protection industries and circular economy.

　　On September 16, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment notified the national environmental air quality status. In the first eight months, in 337 cities at prefecture-level and above, the average number of days with good ambient air quality was 86.7%, an increase of 5.0% year-on-year; the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was 31 micrograms/m3, a year-on-year decrease of 11.4% .

　　While the national air quality is improving, we must also be aware that the upcoming autumn and winter are not only the last autumn and winter of the "13th Five-Year Plan", but also the last autumn and winter of the "Three-year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defense". The effect is very critical.

　　The recent executive meeting of the State Council made key arrangements for strengthening scientific prevention and control of air pollution and promoting green development. The meeting proposed that on the basis of the existing results, according to the cause of pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas, we should strengthen precise control, promote the structural adjustment of energy, industry, transportation and other areas in the region, and develop and expand energy-saving and environmental protection industries and circular economy.

　　Pollution control focus is more precise

　　Controlling air pollution and improving air quality are what the people want and people's livelihood is tied to. At the above-mentioned executive meeting of the State Council, the related research results were reported on the cause of heavy air pollution and governance research project, and the establishment of the project was closely related to another executive meeting of the State Council three years ago.

　　In April 2017, the executive meeting of the State Council determined that the former Ministry of Environmental Protection (now the Ministry of Ecology and Environment) will lead by the cooperation of multiple departments and units such as science and technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, agriculture, industry and information technology, meteorology, etc., to target the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas in autumn and winter. The causes of pollution, key industries, and pollutant emission control technologies have been intensively tackled.

　　Zhao Yingmin, deputy minister of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, recently announced that the key research project has fully clarified the causes of heavy pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in autumn and winter from four aspects: pollutant emissions exceed 50% of the environmental capacity, which is the root cause of frequent heavy pollution. ; The high concentration of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere results in increased atmospheric oxidation, which is a key factor in the rapid increase of secondary PM2.5 during heavy pollution; unfavorable weather conditions have led to a significant reduction in regional environmental capacity, which is a major The necessary conditions for the formation of polluted weather; regional transmission has a significant impact on PM2.5, the average contribution rate of each city is 20% to 30%, and it further increases to 35% to 50% during heavy pollution.

　　The key research project insists on research, output, and application. Many scientific research results are produced on the first line, and they are applied in the first line of pollution prevention and control in the "2+26" cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, fully supporting the "Win the Blue Sky Defense War" The implementation of the "Three-Year Action Plan" and the response to severely polluted weather in the autumn and winter regions have promoted the overall improvement of air quality in the entire region.

　　Compared with 2016, the average concentration of PM2.5 in the “2+26” cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2019 decreased by 22%, and the number of days of heavy pollution decreased by 40%. The concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing dropped from 73 μg/m3 in 2016 to 42 μg/m3 last year, and the number of days of heavy pollution dropped from 34 days to 4 days.

　　At the same time, the GDP of the “2+26” cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2019 reached 14.2 trillion yuan, an increase of 17.2% over 2016.

　　"On the one hand, air quality has been greatly improved, and on the other hand, the economy continues to develop rapidly. This reflects the achievements of regional high-quality development from an environmental perspective, achieving a win-win situation between high-level protection of the ecological environment and high-quality economic development." Zhao Yingmin said.

　　Structural optimization gradually becomes home

　　On September 7, HBIS Tanggang New District officially put into operation. HBIS Tangsteel New District implements the most stringent environmental protection standards, and all emission indicators are 10% lower than the current industry's most stringent "Tangshan Ultra-low Emission Standard".

　　Hebei is at the forefront of the country in air pollution control. In accordance with the requirements of the "Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense", the central government, localities, regions and departments have taken many powerful measures in the fields of coal control, pollution control, truck management, and dust reduction, and only then has the current blue sky defense been achieved. Achievement.

　　Behind the improvement of environmental quality are a large number of solid and concrete environmental governance projects and tasks. According to reports, at present, "scattered and polluted" enterprises in key areas have basically completed the rectification, the ultra-low emission transformation of the iron and steel industry is progressing in an orderly manner, the coal-fired boilers in urban built-up areas have been basically eliminated, and coal-fired power plants have basically completed ultra-low emissions. In the transformation, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, as well as the Fenwei Plain, have completed more than 18 million rural scattered coal treatments. Significant progress has been made in the “Railway Transfer”, and the freight volume of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Railway increased by 26.2% year-on-year.

　　With the in-depth advancement of air pollution control, air quality has improved, and the number of days of heavy pollution has continued to decrease. Chai Fahe, deputy director of the National Center for Air Pollution Prevention and Control, pointed out that the current atmospheric pollutants and meteorological conditions, especially unfavorable meteorological conditions, are not "desensitized." The adjustment of energy structure, industrial structure, and transportation structure in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas cannot be accomplished overnight. Once extreme adverse weather conditions are encountered in autumn and winter, heavy pollution will occur.

　　Chai Fahe stated that in order to completely eliminate heavy pollution and achieve blue sky and white clouds, the emissions of major air pollutants in the "2+26" cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region need to be reduced by 40% to 75% on the basis of 2016.

　　anchor green development unchanged

　　The executive meeting of the State Council clarified three requirements for strengthening the scientific prevention and control of air pollution.

　　First of all, on the basis of existing results, we must strengthen precise control based on the causes of pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and surrounding areas. Continue to implement air pollution prevention and control actions, highlight industrial pollution remediation, clean replacement of scattered coal, and pollution prevention and control of diesel vehicles, and strengthen the control of ammonia emissions in agricultural production. In response to the gradual emergence of ozone pollution, further in-depth scientific research on regional air pollution control has been carried out to promote the coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone. Strengthen joint prevention and control in key areas.

　　At the same time, it is necessary to promote the structural adjustment of energy, industry, and transportation in the region. Strengthen the clean utilization of coal. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of steel, coking, petrochemical, and building materials industries. Significantly increase the proportion of new energy trucks in the field of bulk cargo collection and distribution, port rail transportation and urban distribution.

　　In addition, it is necessary to develop and expand energy-saving and environmental protection industries and circular economy. Accelerate the improvement of environmental protection technology and equipment, new energy-saving products and specialized service levels for energy conservation and emission reduction, strengthen international cooperation, cultivate new economic growth points, and promote the realization of a win-win situation between ecological and environmental protection and economic growth.

　　At present, the increase in ozone concentration has become an important factor influencing the number of days after PM2.5. The reporter learned that the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has organized the supervision and assistance of summer ozone pollution prevention and control, focusing on petrochemical, chemical, and industrial coatings. Packaging, packaging and printing, oil storage, transportation and sales.

　　In accordance with the requirements of the "Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense", this year will focus on promoting classified guidance and precise policy implementation, with autumn and winter as the key management and control period for PM2.5, and summer as the key ozone management and control period. At the same time, we will implement key pollution control projects, and make every effort to promote the completion of coal-to-clean energy conversion in rural areas of the "2+26" urban plains in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, ultra-low emissions from steel companies, and the construction of special railway lines for bulk cargo transportation companies. , Which not only promotes the improvement of air quality, but also promotes economic growth.

　　Zhao Yingmin said that the green energy-saving and environmental protection industry is a strategic emerging industry, and vigorously developing the environmental protection industry is an important measure to coordinate high-quality economic development and high-level protection of the ecological environment. It will increase capital investment and strengthen financial guidance; improve the ecological environment standard system and expand the market for the environmental protection industry; and, in conjunction with relevant departments, promulgate and implement preferential support policies related to ecological environmental protection in taxation, price, finance, and trade to actively support the development of environmental protection industry.